Culture of Morocco

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The culture of Morocco reflects the Berber and Arab influences represented by its inhabitants. The majority of Moroccans identify as Berber and Arab. At least a third of the population speak the language of Amazigh. After the conquest of Islam, the Arab tribes came to Morocco and settled in the lowlands, such as Tadla and Doukkala. For example, there is a group called Charkawa and Arbawa who settled in Morocco from Arabia. Charkawa claims to be descended from Umar ibn Al-Khattab, the second Islamic caliph.

Video Culture of Morocco

Literature

The history of Moroccan literature began in the early Middle Ages. In the era of the Berber dynasty, coinciding with the blossom of Al-Andalus, there were several important Moroccan writers, especially in the field of religion.

Maps Culture of Morocco

Ethnic group and language

Morocco is considered by some as an Arab-Amazigh country. Others demand the identity of the Arab-Amazigh Arabs.

Classical Arabic and Tamazight are the official languages ​​of Morocco. Classical Arabic than mother tongue, and used in a variety of limited and formal socio-economic and cultural activities (such as newspapers and official documents), in competition with France. The most common spoken languages ​​in Morocco are Tamazight and Moroccan Arabic.

Linguistically, Amazigh belongs to the Afro-Asiatic group, and has many variants. The three main varieties used in Morocco are Shilha, Central Atlas Tamazight and Riff (also called Tamazight by the speakers). Collectively, they are known as Shelha in Moroccan Arabic, and like Barbarian in Classical Arabic used in the Middle East. The terms Barbar and Shelha are considered offensive by most Berber activists, who prefer the term Tamazigh .

Shilha (also known locally as Soussia ) is spoken in southwestern Morocco, in the area between Sidi Ifni in the south, Agadir in the north, and Marrakesh and Draa/Sous valley in the east. Central Atlas of Tamazight is spoken in the Middle Atlas, between Taza, Khemisset, Azilal, and Errachidia. Riffs are spoken in the Rif area of ​​northern Morocco in cities such as Nador, Al Hoceima, Ajdir, TÃÆ' Â © touan, Taourirt, and Taza.

Most Amazighs embraced Islam quickly, though their ethnic and non-Arabic differences had rejected the Arab-Islamic influence. Hundreds of Amazigh (Berber) associations have been created to preserve their culture and identity in recent decades in Morocco and Algeria. The newspaper kiosks and bookstores in all major cities are filled with new Berber publications that provide articles and essays on the culture and art of the Amazigh. In 1994, state-owned TV station RTM (now TVM ) began broadcasting 10-minute daily news bulletins in 3 Berber dialects. Berber activists repeatedly demanded a 50% share of broadcasting time in standard Berber (Tamazight) on all state-owned TV channels. There is also a national Tamazight channel in Morocco, called Tamazight TV. Opened in 2010, and broadcast for over 13 hours a day, with extended broadcasts on weekends. Traditional clothing

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Traditional clothing for men and women is called djellaba ; long, loose clothing, hooded with full sleeves. The jellaba has a hood that comes to a point called qob . The qob protects the wearer from the sun or in colder climates, such as mountains, qob retains body heat and protects the face from snowfall. For special occasions, men also wear red hats called bernousse , more commonly referred to as Fez . Woman dressed in kaftan decorated with ornaments. Almost all men, and most women, wear balgha (????) --- soft leather sandals without heels, often dyed yellow. Women also wear high-heeled sandals, often with silver or gold tinsel.

The difference between djellaba and kaftan is the hood in djellaba , while kaftan is not. Most women are brightly colored and have a pattern of ornaments, stitches, or beads, while men are usually clearer and color-neutral.

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Media

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Movies

• 1944: Establishment of "Moroccan Cinematography Center" (CCM/governing body). Studio opened in Rabat.
• 1958: Mohammed Ousfour creates the first Moroccan film "Le fils maudit"
• 1982: First national cinema festival - Rebate.
• 1968: The first Mediterranean Film Festival to be held in Tangier. The Mediterranean Film Festival in its new version is held in Tetouan.
• 2001: The First International Film Festival in Marrakesh was held in Marrakech.

Movies in Morocco

Some directors have filmed in Morocco. In 1952 Orson Welles chose Essaouira as the setting for several scenes in his adaptation of Shakespeare's "Othello", which had won the Grand Prix du International Film Festival at the Cannes Film Festival that year. In 1955, Alfred Hitchcock directed The Man Who Knew Too Much and in 1962, David Lean recorded the scene of the Lawrence of Arabia Massacre in the city of "Ouarzazate", whose house- home of Atlas Studios. AÃÆ'¯t Benhaddou has been the setting of many films. The movie Hideous Kinky was filmed in Marrakech.

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Garden

Morocco has many beautiful parks, including the Majorelle Gardens in Marrakech and the botanical gardens of Rabat.

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Domestic architecture

Dar , the name given to one of the most common types of household structures in Morocco, is a house found in the medina , or a walled urban area of ​​a city. Most Moroccan homes have traditionally adhered to Dar al-Islam , a series of teachings on the life of an Islamic household. Dar The exterior is usually without ornaments and windows, except for occasional small openings in secondary places, such as stairs and service areas. This piercing gives light and ventilation. Dars usually consist of thick and high walls that protect the population from theft, animals and other hazards; however, they have far more symbolic value from an Arab perspective. In this culture, the exterior represents the workplace, while the interior represents a refuge. So, Moroccan interior is often very luxurious in decoration and craft.

Consistent with most of the Islamic architecture, dars is based around a small open terrace, surrounded by very high thick walls, to block out direct light and minimize heat. Third intermediate curved couples lead to typically two to four symmetrically situated rooms. These rooms should be long and narrow, creating a very vertical space, since regional resources and construction technologies are usually only possible for beams that are typically less than thirteen feet long.

Upon entering dar , guests move through a zigzag passageway that hides the central courtyard. The hallway opened onto a staircase leading up to a reception area called dormiria , which was often the most luxurious room in a house decorated with decorative decorations, painted furniture, and a pile of embroidered cushions and Moroccan carpets. More prosperous families also have greenhouses and the second is dormiria, accessible from street level stairs. Service places and stairs are always at the corners of the structure.

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Contemporary Art

Contemporary art in Morocco is still in the making but with great potential for growth. Since 1990-2000s Moroccan cities have welcomed institutions that contribute to the diffusion of contemporary art and visual art: L'appartement 22 and Radioapartment22 in Rabat, CinÃÆ'Â © mathÃÆ'¨que de Tanger in Tangier, La Source du Lion in Casablanca, Dar Al-Ma'mÃÆ' Â »n residence and center, Marrakech Art Fair, and Marrakech Biennale all in Marrakech.

Local art galleries such as Galerie Villa Delaporte, Atelier 21, Galerie Matisse and Galerie FJ are also platforms that show, to some extent, contemporary artwork and contribute to its development.

The global art market also participates in developing and providing visibility on contemporary art in Morocco. International exhibitions such as "Africa Remix" (2004) and "Uneven Geography" (2010) feature contemporary artists from North Africa, including Moroccans. Regional events such as the Dakar Biennale (or Dak'Art - Biennale de l'Art Africain Contemporain), are the main contemporary art exhibitions of Africa and provide greater visibility to the artists of this continent.

Moroccan Artist and Their Initiative

Artists born in Morocco or with Moroccan origin include Mounir Fatmi. Other artists include Latifa Echackhch, Mohamed El Baz, Bouchra Khalili, Majida Khattari, Mehdi-Georges Lahlou, and Younes Baba-Ali.

There are several initiatives from Moroccan artists to help develop the contemporary art market in the country. For example, artists such as Hassan Darsi created La Source du Lion in 1995, an art studio that welcomes artists in residence, and Yto Barrada founded the CinÃÆ'Â © mathÃÆ'¨que de Tanger in 2006 dedicated to promoting the culture of Moroccan cinematography. A group of Moroccan artists named Collectif 212 features Moroccan artists such as Amina Benbouchta, Hassan Echair, Jamila Lamrani, SafÃÆ' Â ¢ Erruas and YounÃÆ'¨s Rahmoun. The group is committed to developing more artistic experience and collaborating with other promising artists such as Hicham Benohoud.

There are also promising local artists such as Batoul Shim and Karim Rafi, who both participated in the project "Working for Change", a project that tries to act in the structure of Moroccan society, during the Venice Biennale 2011.

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Cuisine

Moroccan cuisine is home to Berber, and Moorish. Known for dishes such as couscous, tajine, pastilla and others. Spices such as cinnamon are used in Moroccan cuisine.

Candies such as popular halwa, as well as other sweets. Cuisine from neighboring countries also influences the country's culinary traditions.

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Music

Moroccan music comes from the Amazigh and Arab tribes. Rock-influenced chaabi bands are widespread, as are trance music with historical origins in Muslim music.

Morocco is home to Andalusian classical music found throughout North Africa. Probably grown under the Moors in Cordoba, and the Persian musician born Ziryab is usually credited with his invention. A genre known as Contemporary Andalusian Music and art is the brainchild of visual artist/composer/oudist Tarik Banzi, founder of Al-Andalus Ensemble.

Chaabi ("popular") is a music that consists of many varieties derived from various forms of Moroccan folk music. Chaabi was originally performed in the market, but is now found at every celebration or meeting.

The popular form of Western music is becoming increasingly popular in Morocco, such as fusion, rock, country, metal and, in particular, hip hop.

Morocco participated in the Eurovision Song Contest in 1980, where he finished second from behind.

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See also

• Sports in Morocco
• List of museums in Morocco
• Moroccan architecture
• List of botanical gardens

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References

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Bibliography

• Verner, Corince. (2004). Morocco villa and riad . New York: Harry N. Abrams, Inc., Publisher

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External links

• TRC needle tread on Moroccan embroidery
• Traditional Moroccan music from the Moroccan Ministry of Communications
• Marrakech Folklore Days

Source of the article : Wikipedia