Martial Arts is a codified system and combat practices tradition, practiced for a number of reasons: as an application of self-defense, military and law enforcement, mental and spiritual development; as well as entertainment and preservation of the nation's intangible cultural heritage.
Although the term martial arts has been associated with the art of fighting in East Asia, it originally refers to the European combat system as early as the 1550s. The term is derived from Latin, and means "Martian art", the Roman god of war. Some authors argue that the fighting art or battle system would be more precise on the basis that many martial arts have never "martial" in the sense of being used or made by professional warriors.
Video Martial arts
Variations and scope
Martial arts can be categorized under various criteria, including:
- Traditional or historical vs. art. contemporary style of traditional wrestling and modern hybrid martial arts.
- Technique taught: Armed vs unarmed, and in these groups with weapons types (swords, battles sticks, etc.) and with the types of battles (wrestling vs. invading, upright battle vs. land battle)
- With apps or intent: martial arts, sports war, choreography or form demonstrations, physical fitness, meditation, etc.
- In Chinese tradition: "external" style vs. "internal"
With a technical focus
- Unarmed
Unarmed martial arts can be broadly grouped into a focus on strikes, those focusing on grappling and those covering both fields, often portrayed as hybrid martial arts.
Grappling
- Throwing : Hapkido, Judo, Sumo, Wrestling, Aikido
- Shared together / Chokeholds / Hold on hold : Jujutsu, Brazilian jiu-jitsu, Sambo
- Tagging Techniques : Judo, Wrestling, Aikido
- Armed
Traditional martial arts, which train armed combat, often include a variety of melee weapons, including sharp weapons and polearm. Such traditions include eskrima, silat, kalaripayat, kobudo, and historic European martial arts, especially the German Renaissance tradition. Many Chinese martial arts also feature weapons as part of their curriculum.
Sometimes, training with one special weapon will be regarded as a martial arts style in its own right, which mainly occurs in Japanese martial arts with disciplines such as kenjutsu and kendo (sword), bojutsu (staff), and kyudo (archery). Similarly, modern Western martial arts and sports include modern fences, battering systems like canne de combat and jogo do pau, and modern competitive archery.
With the app or intent
- Combat-oriented
- Health-oriented
Many martial arts, especially those from Asia, also teach a side discipline related to the practice of medicine. It is very prevalent in traditional Asian martial arts that can teach the regulation of bones, herbs, and other aspects of traditional medicine.
- Orienting spirituality
Martial arts can also be associated with religion and spirituality. Many well-known systems have been established, disseminated, or practiced by monks or nuns.
Throughout Asia, meditation can be included as part of the training. In countries influenced by the Hindu-Buddhist philosophy, art itself can be used as an aid to attain enlightenment.
The Japanese style, when dealing with the non-physical qualities of combat, is often strongly influenced by the Mahayana Buddhist philosophy. Concepts such as "empty mind" and "reciprocal thought" repeat themselves. Aikido, for example, can have a strong philosophical belief about the flow of energy and the fostering of peace, as idealized by its founder, Morihei Ueshiba.
Traditional Korean martial art emphasizes the development of spiritual and philosophical development of practitioners. Common themes in most Korean styles, such as taekkyeon and taekwondo, are the values ​​of "inner peace" in a practitioner, emphasized to be achieved only through individual meditation and training. Koreans believe that the use of physical strength is only justified through defenses.
Systema refers to breathing and relaxation techniques, as well as elements of Russian Orthodox thought, to foster self-awareness and calmness, and beneficial to practitioners at various levels: physical, psychological and spiritual.
Some martial arts in a variety of cultures can be done in dance-like settings for various reasons, such as to raise violence in preparations for combat or showcase skills in a more fashionable way. Many martial arts like it include music, especially the powerful percussion rhythm. (See also war dance.)
Maps Martial arts
History
martial art history
The oldest artwork depicting battle scenes is a cave painting of eastern Spain (Spanish Levant) dated between 10,000 and 6,000 BC showing organized groups that fought with bows and arrows.
The cornerstone of modern Asian martial art is likely a mixture of early Chinese and Indian martial arts. During the American War period of Chinese history (480-221 BC) extensive developments in philosophy and martial arts strategy emerged, as described by Sun Tzu in The Art of War (around 350 BC). The legendary account connects the origin of Shaolinquan with the spread of Buddhism from India during the early 5th century, with the figure of Bodhidharma, to China. The written evidence of martial arts in South India originated from Sangam literature from the 2nd century BC to the 2nd century. The combat technique of the Sangam period is the earliest precursor for Kalaripayattu.
In Europe, early sources of martial arts tradition originated in Ancient Greece. Boxing ( pygme , pyx ), wrestling ( pale ) and pancrasi are represented in the Ancient Olympics. The Romans produced the battle of the gladiators as a public spectacle.
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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