The music of the Dominican Republic is primarily influenced by the influence of Taino West Africa, Europe, and native. The Dominican Republic is mainly known for its merengue and bachata music, both of which are the most popular musical forms in the country.
Video Music of the Dominican Republic
Musik Dominika
Musik
Merengue is a genre of original music from the Dominican Republic. It has a moderate to very fast 2/4 rhythm played in gÃÆ'¼ira (metal scraper) and a two-headed tambora. The accordion is also common. Traditional merengue, accordion-based is usually called merengue tÃÆ'pico and is still played by live accordions like Francisco Ulloa, Fefita la Grande, El Ciego de Nagua, and Rafaelito RomÃÆ'¡n. More modern merengues incorporate electrical instruments and influences from salsa, and rock and roll. Chorus is often sung in the form of calls and responses by two or three back-up singers, or more traditional, by musicians who play tambora or gÃÆ'¼ira. Beginning in the 1960s, dancing became part of the work of singers with the Johnny Ventura Combo Show format, and is now the staple of many of the greatest stars of the genre. The lyrics, irony and light-heartedness are common in Merengue that continue to be limited in popularity to the lower classes, especially in the Cibao area, at the beginning of the 20th century. Artists such as Juan F. GarcÃÆ'a, Juan EspÃÆ'nola and Julio Alberto HernÃÆ'¡ndez try to move merengue to the mainstream, but fail, largely because of social prejudice. Some success came after nationalist feelings emerged among the Cibao elite who hated the United States occupation from 1916-1924. Legend has it that the current is getting faster (merengue tÃÆ'pico cibaeÃÆ' Â ± o) slowed to accommodate American soldiers who can not dance the tough steps of merengue; This mid-tempo version is called pambiche. The mainstream mainstream acceptance began with Rafael Trujillo's rise to power in the early 1930s.
Dictator Rafael Trujillo, who won the presidency of the Dominican Republic in 1930, helped merengue become the island's national symbol until his assassination in 1961. Since he came from a humble state, he had been banned from elite social clubs. Therefore, he hates these elite elites and begins promoting the Cibao trim style, forcing all social classes to participate in low-class dance. At Trujillo's orders, almost all musical groups must compose compliments praising Trujillo's dictatorship, his party's guidelines and actions. Trujillo even requires bands of urban dance to include merengue in their repertoire. Also, piano and brass instruments were added in major merengue-oriented bands, a trend toward upward mobility popularized by Luis Alberti's group in Santiago de los Caballeros. On the other hand, the merengue that continues to use the accordion becomes known (somewhat disrespectfully) as perico ripiao ( torn parrot ). That's because all this merengue becomes and still is the national music and dance of the Dominican Republic.
In the 1960s, a group of new artists (most famous Johnny Ventura) incorporated the influence of R & B and American rock and roll, along with Cuban salsa music. Instrumentation changed, with an accordion replaced with an electric guitar or synthesizer, or sometimes sampling, and the role of the saxophone was completely redefined. Regardless of the change, merengue remains the most popular form of music in the Dominican Republic. Ventura, for example, is so laudable that he became a very popular and influential politician on his return from a time in the United States, and seen as a national symbol.
The 1980s saw the emerging Dominican emigration to Europe and the United States, especially to New York City and Miami. Merengue came with them, bringing photos of pop singers and fancy idols. At the same time, Juan Luis Guerra slows down the merengue rhythm, and adds lyrical depth and deep-rooted social commentary. He also incorporated bachata and Western music influences with such critically acclaimed 1990 albums as Bachata Rosa.
MÃÆ'ºsica Congos del EspÃÆ'ritu Santo
Congolese Music The Holy Spirit can be heard in the village of Villa Mella. This music is highly African and related to the Afro-Christian sect. This is basically tambores/drum music. Drums of all sizes differ from very large to the smallest drums known as Alcahuete. Other instruments used are marakas, canoas or sticks. This music has retained its original form and is still sung in calls and responses, one person singing a line and all others replying in the song as well.
Salves
Salve is a type of call and response chant that uses gÃÆ'¼ira, panderos, on yales and other African instruments. The ointment is very ceremonial and is used in pilgrimage and at parties dedicated to voodoo saints. The ointment is a ritual inspired by religion and music with roots in both African and Hispanic cultures. The ointment relates to palo being played in many contexts and rhythms alike, but with different instruments. Its name comes from Salve Regina, a Catholic psalm, and many still sing sacred ointment, cappella which retains the medieval fashion of old Spanish praise songs. The happy ointment played at religious parties, however, is all about percussion - featuring a large number of tambourines playing the interlocking rhythm and melodic drums called balsie, which players change the field by applying pressure with their feet. The ointment can be played in fewer parts of the country but it is one of the most famous voices, especially since it's sound of choice at Villa Mella, a poor suburb of the capital is often considered the epicenter of the Afro-Dominican tradition. The Enerolisa NuÃÆ' Â ± ez salve group, from Villa Mella, is one of the most watched - thanks to her being included in the fusion album meling-merengue star Kinito MÃÆ'Ã… © ndez, A Palo Limpio and a very good record of her. group by the Bayahonda Cultural Foundation.
Palo
Palo, also known as Atabales is a Dominican holy music that can be found all over the island. Drum and human voice are the main instruments. Palo is played at religious ceremonies - usually coinciding with holy days - also for secular parties and special occasions. Its roots are in the Congo region of central-west Africa, but are mixed with European influence in melodies. Palos is linked to the Dominican Catholic religion, which includes the ranks of gods/saints (here called mysteries) as found in the African-American syncretic religious tradition of Cuba, Brazil, Haiti, and elsewhere. Palos are usually associated with lower, black and mixed-class populations. They can be seen in various regions of the Dominican Republic, but with variety.
Palo music is played on long drums called palos. The word palos means tree, and therefore all Dominican palo drums are instruments made from hollowed out logs. The drum head is made of cowhide and it is attached to the log section with circles and pegs in the East, or with nails in the Southwest. There is a master drum (palo walikota) which is a large and wide drum played with a slimmer drum (alcahuetes) next to it: two in the East or three elsewhere. Palos are usually played with guiras, which are pieces of metal. They can also be played with maracas, or small sticks used to hit the drum master, called catÃÆ'¡. The Dominican region in which the palos are played determines the shape, number of instruments, and how they are played.
Palos is associated with an Afro-Dominican fraternity called cofradÃÆ'as. Initially, the brotherhood consisted only of men. Over time, women and family heritage maintain the sanctity of brotherhood. Each fraternity is devoted to a particular saint. Therefore, the responsibility of the fraternity is to honor the saint with the festival. Historically, cofradÃÆ'as was founded on principles similar to the union society based in the Mediterranean and founded by Africans who were settled in southern Spain. Through colonization and slave trade, these traditions were brought to the Dominican Republic. However, cofrada is not limited to the Dominican Republic, they are found in other parts of America as well, where they can be adapted to Native-American Catholics, especially in Mexico and Central America.
Palo music is generally played at festivals honoring saints (velaciones) or during other religious events. The configuration of an existing instrument depends on the region in which it happened. Palo drums are played by hand, held between the legs, and tied to the waist of the palero's with a string. Three paleros each play a different rhythm in their palo, which eventually blends. This rhythm varies depending on the region as well. For example, in the East, the rhythm of "palo corrido" is very popular, while in San CristÃÆ'³bal, people may be more likely to find the "palo abajo" rhythm. As they play their drums, one of the paleros simultaneously sings the song verses. The audiences around him often summon the spirits of ancestors or saints, and it is not unusual to confront the participants into possession at these events.
Bachata
Bachata is a musical style inhabited by slum dwellers as their own, meaning they call it theirs before anyone else gets it. While this may seem like a negative connotation, one should bear in mind that bachata has been widely accepted through many, though not all, classes of Dominican society. Bachata evolved from bolero, Pan-American style is said to have originated in Cuba. Guitar (lead, rhythm, and bass) is the main instrument in bachata. They are accompanied by bongo and gÃÆ'¼ira (who have replaced maraca).
The Dominican bourgeoisie at first regarded the bachata as worthless and hence the name bachata, which means rowdy underclass parties. Until recently, the bachata was officially banned from Dominican radio and television. Nevertheless, the bachata are growing and are now widely accepted, not only in the Dominican Republic, but throughout the world. One of the most popular bands making bachata music is the former band Aventura, which is divided in 2011.
Maps Music of the Dominican Republic
Popular music
Dominican Stone
The Dominican rock is also popular among young and old people in the Dominican Republic. Dominica rock is influenced by British and American rock, but also has its own unique style. The rock scene in the Dominican Republic has been very dynamic in recent years, covering many rock genres such as pop rock, reggae/rock, punk, metal. Dominican rocks had started the scene in the early 1980s, when Luis DÃÆ'as & amp; Transporte Urbano, (who is considered the father of Dominican rock), came to the scene and created this genre. Since then, there have been hundreds of Dominican rock bands, with the most successful being Toque Profundo, Cahobazul, Guaitiao, Tabu Tek, Al-Jadaqui Tribu del Sol, Top 40, TKR, Poket, La Siembra, La Reforma and others. Rita Indiana y los Misterios is a musical group known for their traditional merengue music mix with rock. Bocatabu, Dronk, Futuros Divorciados and 42-01 are new Dominican rock groups that are also on the rise.
There are also some underground Metal concerts that take place occasionally mainly in the cities of Santo Domingo and Santiago, where teenagers and young adults are usually dissatisfied with other genres of self-expression.
Hip hop
Hip hop is a cultural movement developed in New York City in the 1970s primarily by African Americans and Afro-Latinos. Since it first appeared in The Bronx and Harlem, the lifestyle of hip hop culture has now spread around the world. One of the places hip hop spreads to is the Dominican Republic. The four historical elements of hip hop are: MCing (rapping), DJing, urban inspired art/tagging (graffiti), and b-boying (or breakdance). The best known additional elements are beatboxing, hip hop fashion, and hip hop slang. All these elements have been brought to the Dominican Republic since the mid-80s by young immigrants who returned to their motherland, usually from Puerto Rico, New York, Boston and Florida. Dominican Hip hop began to gain national popularity in 2006 and 2007.
Reggaeton
Reggaeton came to the Dominican Republic from Puerto Rico in the 90s. The Dominican Reggaeton is called by its original name dem-bow . Dominican dem-bow uses old reggae and reggaeton beat from most of Jamaica, Panama and Puerto Rico. The dem-arc is utiliz making the dem-dow rhythm faster and harder. Artists who play reggaeton include Don Miguelo, Engel Garcia, La Fabrica ,, Juancho, Chimbala, El ALfa, and Reychesta from Tres Coronas, El Lapiz, Mozart La Para.
Music art
Jazz
The most famous exponent is Michel Camilo.
Classic music
National Conservatory of Music adalah akademi musik Republik Dominika. Didirikan oleh Josà © de JesÃÆ'ºs Ravelo (Don ChuchÃÆ'º), salah satu komposer Dominika utama.
Referensi
Bibliografi
- LarrazÃÆ'¡bal Blanco, Carlos. 1967. "Blacks and slavery in Santo Domingo." Santo Domingo: Postigo. Collection "Dominican Thought," No. 35.
- Davis, Martha Ellen. "Persuade Agama Afro-Dominika: Struktur, Ritual, dan Musik." 1976. Ph.D. disertasi dalam anthropologi, University of Illinois
- DÃÆ'Âa DÃÆ'Âaz, Edgardo. 2008. "Antillean dance, military ensembles, musical nationalism and Dominican identity: taking back the lost steps of merengue." Ulasan Musik Amerika Latin 29 (2): 229-259.
- Manuel, Peter, Kenneth M. Bilby, give Michael D. Largey. Caribbean Currents: Caribbean Music dari Rumba ke Reggae . Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 1995.
- Harvey, Sean give Sue Steward. "Serangan Merengue." 2000. Di Broughton, Simon give Ellingham, Mark dengan McConnachie, James dan Duane, Orla (Ed.), World Music, Vol. 2: Latin & amp; Amerika Utara, Karibia, India, Asia dan Pasifik , pp 414-420. Rough Guides Ltd, Penguin Books. ISBN, 1-85828-636-0
Tautan eksternal
- www.iasorecords.com - Musik Dominika , artikel, musik & amp; klip video - bachata, merengue, Afro-Dominican, dan banyak lagi.
- www.BachataRadio.com - Bachata, Merengue and more! Musica dan Demand and Live, Dengarkan Musik Republik Dominika.
- Semua tentang Merengue TÃpico/Perico Ripiao
- Grup Afro-Dominican Populer of Amerika Serikat
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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