The Occupy movement is an international socio-political movement towards social and economic inequalities and a lack of "real democracy" around the world. The ultimate goal is to promote social and economic justice and new forms of democracy. This movement has many different scopes; local groups often have a different focus, but among the main concerns of the movement is how large companies (and the global financial system) control the world in ways that disproportionately benefit minorities, undermine democracy and are unstable. This is part of what Manfred Steger calls the "global justice movement".
The first widely-received occupied protest was Occupy Wall Street at New York City's Zuccotti Park, which began on September 17, 2011. On October 9, Occupy protests have occurred or are taking place in more than 951 cities in 82 countries, and over 600 communities in the United States. Although mostly active in the United States, in October 2012 there has been protests and occupation in dozens of other countries on every continent inhabited. For the first month, open police oppression was minimal, but this began to change on October 25, 2011 when the police first tried to forcibly remove Occupy Oakland. By the end of 2011, authorities have cleared most of the main camps, with the remaining high-profile sites - in Washington, D.C. and London - were evicted in February 2012.
The Occupy movement was partly inspired by the Arab Spring, the Iranian Green Movement 2009, and the Spanish Indignados Movement, as well as the global wave of anti-austerity protests. This movement generally uses the slogan "We are 99%", hashtag #Occupy format, and set up through websites such as Occupy Together. According to The Washington Post , the movement, which has been described as a "democratic revival" by Cornel West, is difficult to filter down to some demands. On October 12, 2011, the Los Angeles City Council became one of the first government agencies in the United States to adopt a resolution stating the unofficial support of the Occupy movement. In October 2012 the Executive Director of Financial Stability at the Bank of England stated that the protesters were right to criticize and had convinced bankers and politicians "to behave in a more moral way".
Video Occupy movement
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In 2009 and 2010, students at the University of California occupied the campus building in protest against budget cuts, tuition increases, and staff reductions caused by the Great Recession of 2008. According to Dissent Magazine, "It was in the California context of the student movement that the slogan 'Occupy Everything , Demand Nothing 'first appeared. " The Huffington Post notes that" During one incident in March 2010, 150 protesters were arrested for attempting to occupy Interstate 80 as a protest against budget cuts and an increase in tuition fees, showing banners that read 'Occupy everything', while blocking the road for an hour, and being destroyed by an equally large police force that was later mobilized against the Occupied camps across the country. "Editor Adbusters, Micah White, who drafted the concept The original Occupy Wall Street, went to California to protest and take part in the occupation of Wheeler Ha ll. He wrote enthusiastically for Adbusters about the revolutionary potential of [the students] struggle. "
The Spanish Indignados movement began in mid-May 2011, with camps in Madrid and elsewhere. According to sociologist Manuel Castells, by the end of the month there have been hundreds of camps throughout Spain and around the world. For some journalists and commentators, camping in Spain marks the start of the global colonial movement, though it is much more commonly said to have started in New York during September. On May 30, 2011, an leader of Indignados, inspired by the Arab Spring, the Movement of 5.18 in 1980, and the June 1987 Democracy Movement called for worldwide protests on October 15. In mid-2011, the Canadian-based Adbusters Media Foundation, renowned for its ad-humble anti-consumerist advertising magazine Adbusters, proposed Wall Street's peaceful occupation to protest the company's influence on democracy, discuss growing wealth disparities, and the lack of legal impact behind the recent global financial crisis. Adbusters co-founder Kalle Lasn registered the web address OccupyWallStreet.org on June 9th. According to Micah White, the magazine's senior editor, "[we] basically cast that idea in mid-July into our [email list] and it was spontaneously taken by everyone in the world, it was just a snowball from there."
One of the inspirations for the movement is the Democracy Village that was formed in 2010, outside the British Parliament in London. The protests received additional attention when the internet hacker group Anonymous encouraged his followers to take part in the protests, calling the protesters to "flood Manhattan, set up tents, kitchens, peaceful barricades and Occupy Wall Street". They are promoting protests with posters featuring an iconic Wallport dancer, Charging Bull. The first protest was held at Zuccotti Park in New York City on September 17, 2011, the tenth anniversary of the reopening of Wall Street trade after the September 11, 2001 attacks. The protests were preceded by a similar Occupy Land movement in Kuala Lumpur in July, seven weeks before the Occupy Wall Street.
"We are 99%" slogan
The phrase "The 99%" is a political slogan used by participants in the Occupy movement. It was originally launched as Tumblr's blog page at the end of August 2011. This refers to the concentration of wealth among 1% of income earning compared to the other 99 percent; The top 1 percent of people who earn nearly three times the income after tax over the past thirty years according to the Congressional Budget (CBO) report.
The report was released only because of concerns the Occupy Wall Street movement began to enter the national political debate. According to the CBO, between 1979 and 2007, the top 1% of Americans grew an average of 275%. Over the same time period, 60% of Americans in the middle of the income scale saw their income increase by 40%. Since 1979 the average pre-tax income for 90% of households has decreased by $ 900, while above 1% has increased by more than $ 700,000, as federal taxation has become less progressive. From 1992 to 2007, the top 400 earners in the US saw their income increase 392% and their average tax rate was reduced by 37%. In 2009, the top 1% average revenue was $ 960,000 with a minimum income of $ 343,927.
In 2007, 1% of the richest Americans owned 34.6% of the country's total wealth, and the next 19% had 50.5%. Thus, the top 20% of Americans own 85% of the country's wealth and the lowest 80% have 15% - the Pareto principle example. Financial inequality (total net worth minus one's home value) is greater than inequality in total wealth, with the top 1% of the population having 42.7%, the next 19% of Americans owning 50.3%, and the bottom 80% owning 7%
However, after the Great Recession that began in 2007, the share of total assets owned by the top 1% of the population grew from 34.6% to 37.1%, and those of the top 20% of Americans grew from 85% to 87.7%. The Great Recession also caused a 36.1% decline in average household wealth but a decline of only 11.1% for the top 1%, further widening the gap between 1% and 99%. During the economic expansion between 2002 and 2007, the top 1% income grew 10 times faster than the 90% revenue below. In this period 66% of total revenue rose to 1%, which in 2007 had a larger share of total revenue than at any time since 1928. This is in stark contrast to US population surveys showing a much more equal "ideal" distribution, and widespread ignorance of income inequality is true and inequality of wealth.
Maps Occupy movement
Goal
During the early weeks, the movement was often criticized by the news media for not having a clear purpose. Speaking on October 7, 2011, Kalle Lasn of Adbusters said that, at an early stage, the lack of demand was a "mysterious part" that allowed the movement to grow. In late October, Adbusters has been trying to "rally around a clear request" to tax Robin Hood, with a global parade to support Robin Hood's planned tax for October 29. Naomi Wolf argues that the impression made by many media that the demonstrators have no clear demands is wrong. Wolf argues that they do have clear demands including a desire to end what they see as a damaging effect on money on politics. The magazine's New Yorker claims that Kalle Lasn and Micah M. White's claims are specific: tightening banking industry regulations, banning high-frequency trading, capturing all the 'financial swindlers' responsible for the 2008 crash, and setting up a commission President to investigate and prosecute corruption in politics. According to Bloomberg Businessweek, protesters want more and better jobs, more equitable distribution of income, bank reforms, and a reduction of corporate influence in politics. This movement has also been described as anticapitalist extensively.
Some commentators such as David Graeber and Judith Butler have criticized the idea that the movement must have clear demands; they argue that issuing demands is counterproductive to the Occupy movement, since it will legitimize the power structure that the movement wants to challenge. In late November, the London contingent of the Occupy movement released their first statement about the company, where they called for steps to end tax evasion by wealthy companies. The reason for the delay in articulating a clear request is given as the time required to reach consensus with a sometimes slow participatory democracy process. In November the "Occupy London Stock Exchange", an offshoot of Occupy London, said that they are working on a global collaboration of various jobs that reflect the sound of diverse movements around the world. The global movement has been called the rediscovery of politics, revolution, and utopia in the twenty-first century.
Method
Activists have used web and social media technologies such as IRC, Facebook, Twitter, and Meetup to coordinate events. Indymedia helps the movement with communication, saying there is a conference call on Skype with participants from up to 80 locations. The interactive live stream of events by independent journalists such as Tim Pool is used to increase Mainstream media coverage. The progressive May First/People Link providers offer free membership for dozens of groups, including groups in Iran and Germany, to safely host websites, emails and email lists. This movement goes a step further to try to promote the cause through multi-media and art, which has been collected and archived by institutions such as the National Museum of American History and the New York Historical Society. The goal of much of the art generated is to visually influence the mainstream through imaging to try to create solidarity and unity between "99%".
The Environmental Defense Legal Fund Society issues a public rights bill, which encourages legislation that strips corporations of their personality rights and increases citizen rights, as it occupies organizers to adopt locally. In December 2011, Occupy Homes began a movement to help homeowners who have been lost or scheduled to lose their homes due to foreclosures as a result of what they call illegal practices used by banks that take advantage of consumers. The group plans to occupy the foreclosed homes, disrupt bank auctions, and block evictions.
Structure
This movement is described as having "excessive commitment" to participatory democracy. Most of the democratic process of movement takes place in a "working group," in which every protester can have their voice. Important decisions are often made in the General assemblies, which can be themselves informed by the findings of many working groups. Decisions are made using a participatory democracy consensus model. It often displays the use of hand signals to increase participation and operate with discussion facilitators rather than leaders - a partially traceable system to the Quaker movement several centuries ago, to participatory democracy in ancient Athens, and to the 1999 spokesman's council of the anti-globalization movement.
In assemblies, a workgroup proposal was made for the meeting participants, who commented on them using a process called stack ; the speaker queue that anyone can join. In New York City, Occupy Wall Street uses what is called a progressive pile, where people from marginalized groups are sometimes allowed to speak before the people of the dominant group, with the facilitator, or the piles, urge the speaker to "step forward, or stepping back "based on which group they came from, meaning that women and minorities could go to the front, while white men had to often wait their turn to speak.The concept of progressive piles had been criticized by some outside the movement as" "and" unfair. "
Non-violent
The occupation movement begins with a commitment to nonviolence. A frequent reference to non-violent theorists' writings. Gene Sharp whose work is reported to have influenced the non-violent struggle movement in Serbia and the Arab Spring. Study groups are organized in US camps discussing methods of nonviolent action and his book from Dictatorship to Democracy. The next film about his How to Start Revolution by Ruaridh Arrow which premiered in Boston on September 18 was screened in Occupy camps across the US and Europe. Sharp himself warned that many of the tactics used by the movement were ineffective. In an interview with Al Jazeera, he said, "The protesters [Occupy] do not have a clear purpose, something that they can really achieve.If they think they will change the economic system just by staying in a certain location, then they may be very disappointed. "The protests themselves are very few."
In late May 2011, sociologist Manuel Castells congratulated the Spanish invaders for the fact that not one violent incident has been reported after 11 days of camping throughout Spain. Castells says that nonviolence is very important, and echoed by various sociologists and other social historians including Lester Kurtz, Prof. Maurice Isserman and Prof. Tom Juravich. Juravich and others, however, say that conflicts can be important in attracting attention, with many things to be gained if the inhabitants are seen as victims of violence, giving the occupants to keep their own aggression within limits. In the words of one resident, it can help them get media coverage if they "make things a bit sexy and badass". The Live Action Working Group of Occupy Wall Street supports the diversity of tactics from the early days of the camp. Not all residents have upheld a commitment to nonviolence, with aggressive tactics used in Spain beginning as early as June 15, and with some reporters saying the New York movement's branch initially received protesters who have not signed nonviolence.
In September, the sympathetic coverage given to the movement by the media substantially increased after the circulation of a pepper spray video was used by a police commander against peaceful female protestors. In early October, Naomi Klein congratulated the New York invaders for their commitment to nonviolence. In November 2011, media sources began reporting increases in violence, with allegations of sexual violence and violent incidents of invaders against police, including one officer allegedly stabbed with scissors. Some occupying camps respond by requiring all invaders to sign a resolution to be nonviolent if they wish to stay. Rick Hampton for USA Today says most of the occupying members have been nonviolent. Reviewing the global movement in December 2011, Anthony Barnett said nonviolence remains a huge force. At the end of January 2012, the commitment of the nonviolent movement was questioned after a clash with police who saw about 400 arrests in the city of Oakland, USA. Some protesters and witnesses said police started violence; others said there was violence against the police; However, they blame anarchist black block and agent provocateurs. A non-participating protester stated, "It is organized by a very militant part of the anarchist movement, I support the idea of ​​taking a building, especially for housing for those without housing, but I do not support it with the kind of winning attitude I see expressed. "
Social media
The beginning of Occupy Movement relies on the use of social media accounts for information dissemination. These accounts are very useful and very helpful. Social media accounts eventually become hierarchical and fail to achieve their goals. Some believe, to be more successful, social media accounts should be more stringent and standardized.
The response to the movement of celebrities is either directly or online. Some people find it controversial that wealthy celebrities make an appearance in the Occupy Wall Street Movement, but Kanye West justifies his performance as helping to give power back to the people. Other celebrities like Yoko Ono, Mark Ruffalo, and Michael Moore tweeted and showed their support.
Many argue that the success of OWS has led to the success of Bernie Sanders and his political platform, disrupting political conversations about environmental impacts and economic equality. Some believe that there is a social media blockage Sanders' presidential campaign, supporting more water time for Donald Trump and Hillary Clinton. During the 2016 Presidential Election, people used the #BernieBlackout tag to raise awareness about the unfair use of popular media to support multiple presidential candidates over others.
Event Chronology
WikiLeaks supports the WikiLeaks Central news website beginning to promote the idea of ​​"US Day of Anger," on March 10, 2011. Canadian editor Heather Marsh, and American writer WikiLeaks Central Alexa O'Brien modeled after the Day of Upheaval in the Middle East and Africa North. Initial promotions by WikiLeaks Twitter and blogs are reported as instrumental in group success. It was renamed Occupy Wall Street after the idea was published on online email and blog lists. July 13, 2011, by Canada-based Canadian group Adbusters. Occupy Wall Street protests began on September 17, 2011 in downtown Manhattan. On October 9, 2011, activists in cities in more than 25 countries repeated calls for a global protest on October 15. The list of events for October 15 includes 951 cities in 82 countries. On October 15, the event was held in many cities around the world.
September 17th to October 14th, 2011
On September 17, 2011, 1,000 demonstrators gathered in downtown Manhattan strolling down Wall Street. About 100 to 200 people stay at Zucotti Park, two blocks north of Wall Street. On September 19, seven people have been arrested. At least 80 arrests were made on September 24 after the protesters began marching to the city center and forcing several road closures. Most of the 80 arrests were to block traffic, although some were also charged with disorderly conduct and refused arrests. Police also use a technique called kettling that involves using orange nets to isolate the demonstrators into smaller groups. Videos showing several female demonstrators being beaten with pepper spray by a police officer were disseminated, sparking controversy. The police officer, later identified as Deputy Inspector Anthony Bologna, was shown in another video that hit a photographer with a spray burst.
Public attention to spraying pepper resulted in a surge in news media coverage, a pattern that would be repeated in the coming weeks after a confrontation with police. Clyde Haberman, writing in The New York Times, said that "If Occupy Wall Street demonstrators ever choose to recognize the person who gives their biggest impetus, they may want to pay homage to Anthony Bologna," Calling the event " vital "to a newborn movement. On October 1, 2011, the protesters began marching across the Brooklyn Bridge. The New York Times reported that over 700 arrests were made. Some say the police have tricked the protesters, allowing them to bridge, and even escorting them halfway. Jesse A. Myerson, media coordinator for Occupy Wall Street said, "The police are watching and doing nothing, indeed, seem to guide us down the highway." A spokesman for the New York Police, Paul Browne, said that the demonstrators were given many warnings to stay on the sidewalk and not block the road, and were arrested when they refused.
On October 4, a group of protesters who were arrested on the bridge filed a lawsuit against the city, alleging that officers had violated their constitutional rights by luring them into a trap and then arresting them. In June 2012, a federal judge ruled that the protesters did not receive enough arrest warnings pending entry to the Brooklyn Bridge. Although video evidence shows police warning protesters with loudspeakers, after reviewing it, Judge Jed S. Rakoff sided with the plaintiff, saying, "Reasonable officers in a noisy environment the accused is busy will know that a single bull horn can not reasonably convey a message until 700 demonstrators ".
On October 5, 2011, joining union members, students, and unemployed, the demonstration swelled to the largest but with about 15,000 protesters joining the protests. The smaller protests continued in cities and on campuses across the country. Thousands of union workers joined marching protesters through the Financial District. The march was mostly peaceful - until after nightfall, when fights broke out. Some 200 protesters tried to storm the barricades that block them from Wall Street and the Stock Exchange. The police responded with pepper spray and wrote the protesters with orange nets. Inspired by Occupy Wall Street, British protesters organized the London Stock Exchange occupation to draw attention to what they saw as unethical behavior on the part of banks. One of the protest organizers said the protest should focus on "increasing social and economic injustice in the country." According to him, "The government has made sure to maintain the status quo and let the people who caused this crisis to be free from punishment, while instead ensuring that people in this country pay the price, especially those most vulnerable.
October 15 to November 4
On October 15, 2011 global protests were staged worldwide, with thousands of demonstrators holding demonstrations in 900 cities including Auckland, Sydney, Hong Kong, Taipei, Tokyo, Sao Paulo, Paris, Madrid, Berlin, Hamburg, Leipzig, and many others. other cities. In Frankfurt, 5,000 people protested at the European Central Bank and in Zurich, the Swiss financial center, protesters carrying banners reading "We will not save you anymore" and "We are 99 percent." Protests are largely peaceful; However, the protests in Rome that drew thousands turned violent. Thousands of Occupy Wall Street demonstrators gathered in Times Square in New York City and demonstrated for several hours. Hundreds of protesters were arrested across the US, largely for refusing to obey police orders to leave public places. In Chicago there were 175 arrests, about 100 arrests in Arizona (53 in Tucson, 46 in Phoenix), and over 70 in New York City, including at least 40 in Times Square. Several arrests were reported in Chicago, and about 150 people camped in city hall in Minneapolis.
In the early hours of October 25, police cleared and closed the Occupy Oakland camp at Frank Ogawa Plaza in Oakland, California. The raids were chaotic and violent, but Oakland Chief Constable Howard Jordan expressed his joy about the operation because neither the police nor the public were wounded. The evening parade protesting the closure culminated in a confrontation between police and demonstrators, who were trying to re-establish the Ogawa Plaza camp. During this confrontation, protester Scott Olsen, a former veteran of the Sea and Iraqi War, suffered a skull fracture caused by a tear gas projectile or a smoke tube fired by police. As of October 29, 2011, there are about 2,300 protest camps occupying about 2,000 cities around the world. On November 2, protesters in Oakland, California, closed Port of Oakland, the fifth busiest port in the country. Police estimate that about 3,000 demonstrators gathered at the port and 4,500 had marched through the city; However, a member of the Occupy movement was quoted by the BBC as estimating as many as 30,000 may have taken part.
On 4 November 2011, "Occupy the Roads" (OTR) began traveling across the United States to carry the Occupy message, to educate the public about the problems facing the general public and to illuminate political injustice and injustice. OTR has attended every major Occupation Event to support all the occupied cities, traveling more than 31,000 miles and visiting 42 States and 160 cities from the start. One side of the RV (named "V" - from the song "Who's V? RV") has been adorned with stickers, posters, and event notices from across the country representing billboards for Occupy movements. On the other hand is 31Ã, ft graphics to support Bradley/Chelsey Manning and WikiLeaks.
5 to 25 November
On November 5, protesters held a "Bank Transfer Day", marching in banks and other financial institutions to urge Americans to move their money from large corporate banks to smaller community credit unions. It was reported that about 600,000 people took their money from big banks. On November 11, Memorial Day in Canada, police moved a tent from Victoria Park in Halifax, Nova Scotia, and arrested 15 demonstrators. On the night of November 14, a coordinated crackdown was carried out by authorities around the world, with several camps being forcibly cleansed including Zuccotti Park in New York, Oakland, Oregon, Denver and Zurich. For some other camps such as those in St Pauls in London, no physical action was taken, but on 15 November the government stepped up legal action to obtain authorization for forced evictions. Financial Times editor Richard Lambert suggested that the transition to confrontational tactics by the authorities would be more likely to spur movements rather than causing them to disperse. However, John Gapper, the main business commentator at FT , offers a different view. Gapper said it might be beneficial that the camps were closed, as they began to alienate even members of the community who were initially sympathetic to the movement. During a demonstration at UC Davis on November 18, 2011, campus police Lieutenant John Pike used a pepper spray on the students sitting. This incident attracted national attention and led to further demonstrations, petitions, and calls for Chancellor Linda P.B. Katehi resigned. (See: Incident of UC Davis peppercatcher) On November 22, micro-stickers examined President Obama to draw his attention to the treatment they received from the police, including thousands of arrests.
November 26 through December 31, 2011
In December, the invaders began to divert their energies outside the protest camp and narrow focus on banks instead of trying to engage further with mainstream politics and joining established activist groups to support a cause that is widely compatible with the interests of "99% ". Interviewing one of the leaders of the movement's informal journalist Shannon Bond found that concerns included: "unemployment rates, household debt, student debt, lack of prospects for people graduating from college and foreclosure. "In the US, Occupy Homes joins an existing group of human rights activists and begins to occupy foreclosed homes, disrupts bank auctions, and blocks evictions. On December 1, two activists who were evicted in Portland, Oregon, planted a table in the Portland City Hall square and lit candles, lighting an 18-month City Vigil/City Hall Prayer. On December 22, The Washington Post reported that several cities that had forcibly dismissed camps now faced legal challenges.
January 1, 2012 to present
On 2 January 2012, Occupy Nigeria began, triggered by Nigerian President Goodluck Jonathan announcing the end of fuel subsidies in the country. There is support from the global movement, but most of the activities take place in Nigeria itself, with reports from CSM saying strikes effectively shut down the entire city. On January 16, Jonathan responded by announcing that he would lower the price by returning some of the fuel subsidy.
Although students have been involved with Occupy early on, early 2012 has seen an increase in formal interaction between the Occupy movement and academia. In the US, universities including Columbia and Roosevelt have begun offering courses on this movement, in the case of Columbia, this course includes fieldwork in which students join the Occupation activities. In the UK, hospital work teams plan school visits to give lectures on the movement and related issues.
On Jan. 23, EGT LLC (International Grain Terminal) and International Longshore and Warehouse Union (ILWU) reached a temporary agreement, mediated by Washington state governor Christine Gregoire. The deal resolved a year-long dispute, paving the way for ILWU Local Workers 21 to work on a $ 200 million grain terminal at Longview Harbor in southwestern Washington state. This came after the "Occupy the Ports" protest which closed several ports on the west coast of the United States on December 12. The objectives of the protest include support from field workers and truck drivers in disputes with EGT and SSA Marine terminal operators (partly owned by Goldman Sachs).
A worldwide poll conducted in January 2012 found that only a third (37%) of respondents were familiar with the movement. Among the respondents who were aware of the movement, the proponents of this movement were greater than those in opposition, two on one. In late January, the Occupy protested at the World Economic Forum. On March 17, Occupy Wall Street attempted to mark the sixth month of the movement, re-occupying Zuccotti Park, the site of the first occupation camp. Protesters were immediately released by police, who made more than 70 arrests. On May 1, the Occupy movement marked the resurrection with May Day general strikes taking place in cities across the US, including New York; Washington DC.; Chicago; and Los Angeles. This includes the revival of the Free University of New York.
On the weekend of 15 and 16 September, members of the Occupy movement gathered at Union Square, with live action training on the 15th and the celebration of the movement on the 16th. On 17 September, the Occupy movement celebrated its first anniversary with several parades and assemblies attended by thousands of demonstrators.
The longest "re-occupation" of the US began on December 1, 2011, when activists who were evicted from the Occupy Portland camp set up a table in the Portland City Hall square and lit candles, lighting a 24/7 Prayer Hour for Lifting the Camping Ascent, referring to the ordinance anti- "camping" city quoted during the evictions. The activists claim the law, which prohibits the use of "bedding, sleeping bags, or other sleep problems," is immoral and they are obliged to challenge them. The invaders claim that sleep is a human right and is essential for mental, physical and emotional health, on the grounds that humans should spend nearly a third of their sleep. Prohibiting sleep by making it illegal for people to protect themselves and their belongings from the elements causes sleep deprivation; it is inhuman, unconstitutional, and the amount of torture. The activists say the prayer will continue until the "bed problem" returns legal. An on-call event takes place around the hour until July 23, 2013, when Mayor Charlie Hales orders the relocation of the pavement and related camp on the adjacent sidewalk.
The Occupy movement has "gone unrecognized from its home country" and "the campaign has emerged beyond the limits of the trademark tactics of the Occupy." These campaigns include Occupy Sandy who has provided necessary assistance to the New York area since the onslaught of Hurricane Sandy, the Occupy London Occupy Economics Group held, and was praised by the Executive Director of the Bank of England for Financial Stability, Occupy the SEC, which monitors US finances regulatory matters, The Rolling Jubilees program Strike Debt, which raises money for pensions "zombie debt," debt, such as medical bills, that individuals can not pay back, Occupy University, which has developed and made accessible free educational materials, and Debt Collective, the successor of Strike Debt, are working to get students from a fraudulent nonprofit university to free their debts with some success.
On April 3, 2016, hundreds of supporters of Bernie Sanders protested outside CNN Headquarters in Los Angeles. Sanders' supporters protested against CNN's coverage of the 2016 US presidential election, in particular with regard to the number of air hours Sanders received. Known as the CNN Occupy, protesters claimed that the mainstream media network had deliberately blacked Sanders presidential campaigns that favored giving more time to candidates like Hillary Clinton and Donald Trump.
In Switzerland, the Spirit Occupy lives with annual and offline annual celebrations annually on September 17th in St. Imier where modern anarchism began with the International Congress of 1872. Cafe Occupy along with the Decentrale Co operations continue to help them want to participate in the bank's "decentralized strength" and its sustainable corporate entity; and, to encourage global activism through the development of trust and value networks.
Protest
Armenia
On February 20, 2012 near the Margaryan Maternity Clinic, where the kiosk is being built by the city authorities. The protest site was immediately dubbed "Mashtots park" - a name which is now widely known by Armenian society today.
Protesters face police violence like many other "Occupation" movements, a report submitted to the RA ombudsman because of the damage to the tent with a sleeping protester inside. Demonstration "Occupy" continues in Mashtots Park, and Green party leader Armenak Dovlatyan has named it the most successful civil action in the history of the Republic of Armenia.
Australia
"Occupy" demonstrations take place in Canberra, Wollongong, Perth, Sydney, Brisbane, Adelaide and Melbourne, as well as small towns across the country. At the Occupy Melbourne protest on October 21, 2011, about 150 protesters opposed police orders to clean up the area, and then were forcibly removed. 95 arrests were made and 43 reports of police violence were filed. The passenger returned the next day by walking against police violence, reoccupied several sites since then. Occupy Sydney has an ongoing work at Martin Place since their initial police expulsion, marking nearly 21 months in July 2013. The Occupy Sydney camp was removed on July 3, 2013 but back on July 4th. It was again removed on July 5th.
Belgium
In Brussels, a large Occupy demonstration took place on 15 October involving between 6,500 and 8,000 participants. The protests were largely peaceful, although seven people were arrested after vandalizing Dexia bank headquarters and financial towers. The Occupy Antwerp (Antwerp) Movement holds its first meeting on Saturday 22 October at Groenplaats, next to the cathedral. Approximately 150-200 people attended the speaker's corner. The left-wing socialist party (PVDA) is present and presents the free soup as well as information about the proposed "millionaire" tax. To date, there have been four protests in Leuven. Three takes place at the Grand Market in the city center and another takes place in a city Catholic university building. The number of protesters in the rally varied from 100 to 250. The protests did not include prolonged camping, but the protesters said it was a possibility in the future. Occupy Ghent (Gent) began on October 29 with 400 people in South Park (Zuidpark). They received visits by supporters attending "the second day of Socialism" (de Tweede Dag van het Socialism), which was also held in Ghent on the same day.
Brazil
Protest 2013 in Brazil (also known as V for the Vinegar Movement, [5] Revolt Salad, Vinegar Revolt, Come to the streets and Spring of Brazil) ongoing public demonstrations in several Brazilian cities, initiated mainly by Movimento Passe Livre (Free Fare Movement ), a local entity advocating free public transport. The latest movement is "Ocupe Estelita" in Recife, Pernambuco which focuses on dismantling the historical part of the city to make way for expensive housing and leisure facilities.
Canada
Occupy protests have occurred in at least 20 Canadian cities since October 15, 2011. On that day, 5,000 people gathered in Vancouver to protest the perceived social injustice, while 150 stays night ahead of the Vancouver Art Gallery. 2,000 people marched in Toronto on October 15 and about 100 continue to occupy St James Park, and 1,000 gathered in Montreal to march on Ste-Catherine Street; 85 tents were set up in the Victorian square. Beginning on October 23, 2011 about 40 people occupied the Memorial Park at Minto Street in downtown Sudbury and still continue to do so. On October 20, 2011, more than 100 people occupied the front of City Hall in Prince George British Columbia. The event has been concentrated in the urban areas of the province, and there have been no demonstrations in the Yukon region, the Northwest Territory, or Nunavut. A relatively small group of invaders succeeded in occupying Harborside Park in St. John's Newfoundland for the entire winter of 2012. The site, also known as "King's Beach" is symbolically important as the birthplace of the British Empire, and the camp was seen by several protesters to represent colonial occupation vis-a-vis the site of his birth. There are currently a number of judicial proceedings in Canada regarding whether the expulsion of demonstrators and police violence is a violation of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedom.
Colombia
About 800 student demonstrators began to occupy the university in Colombia on 12 November 2011.
Czech Republic
On April 28, 2012, a week after the demonstration of unions and civil associations (over one hundred thousand protesters) camp "Occupy KlÃÆ'¡rov" in Prague began. The Pirate Party participates in the occupation. The police dismissed the camp a month later.
Cyprus
On November 19, 2011, protesters began the "Unlimited Boundary Camp" or "Occupy Buffer Zone," a permanent occupation of a UN-controlled buffer zone in the center of the capital, Nicosia, demanding an end to a decade long division. Island. This movement uses the Twitter tag "OccupyBufferZ". By June 2012 the occupation of the buffer zone is essentially over.
Denmark
On October 15, 2011, 2,000 demonstrators appeared on the square in front of Copenhagen city hall, protesting sympathy with OWS. Immediately after the demonstration, the camp "Occupy Copenhagen" was founded. The camp, internally nicknamed "Plaza One Love", lives in harsh climatic conditions and several attempts to evict for two months, until it was eventually overthrown by Copenhagen Municipality and Danish police, on December 21. The movement has shifted to mobile camp tactics, and still holds GA every Wednesday and other activities throughout the week.
French
About 300 protesters began to occupy Paris's financial district, La DÃÆ' Â © fense, on November 4, 2011. Since then, their camp has been demolished by several police forces. According to French protesters, the relationship with police varies greatly. Several police officers joined them for coffee and friendly discussions, but instead were blankets and food concealed and confiscated, so the demonstrators slept outside the cold house unprotected. On November 11th, after a call was made on social networking, some 400 additional people joined the occupation. Sudden protests have also begun in Nantes, Lyon, Grenoble, Marseille, Perpignan and more than 50 cities.
On March 31, 2016, students and youth workers began to occupy public space in France in opposition to the 2016 neoliberal workers reform in the protest movement known as Nuit debout. Until April 8, has spread to dozens of cities in France as well as to Belgium, Germany, and Spain.
German
The Occupy movement began in Germany on October 15, 2011 with protests in Berlin, focusing outside the Reichstag, as well as Frankfurt, Hamburg and DÃÆ'¼sseldorf. Occupy Frankfurt then take up residence in front of the European Central Bank, and Occupy Berlin established a protest camp at St. Mary. On 12 November, the Occupy protests took place in Berlin and Frankfurt. Police reported that about 9,000 people protested peacefully near the headquarters of the European Central Bank, and that "several thousand" people took to the streets of Berlin; protest organizers claimed that the number of voters was about 8,000 in Berlin and 10,000 in Frankfurt.
Hong Kong
An Occupy movement in Hong Kong, named 'Occupy Central', began on October 15, 2011 with protesters occupying the square under HSBC Main Building in Central, an iconic landmark of the region's key business districts. Despite the fact that the protesters were peaceful, HSBC filed a lawsuit over their expulsion. On August 13, 2012, the High Court ruled that the protesters must leave the occupied territory. On September 11, 2012, protesters were evicted from the square by court officials, ending one of the longest occupied Occupy protest camps in the world.
Israel
Social protests have been taking place in Israel since July 14, 2011.
Italy
On October 15, 2011, about 200,000 people gathered in Rome to protest the economic inequality and influence of the European Commission, the European Central Bank and the International Monetary Fund on the government. Many other protests took place in other Italian cities on the same day. In Rome the masked and hooded militants wore protective body armor, in black block mode, participated in protests centered on St. John Lateran square and committed many violent acts, throwing Molotov cocktails and other homemade explosives, burning and blowing cars, burning buildings, and destroy properties such as ATMs and shop windows. The Roman Catholic Church of Santi Marcellino e Pietro al Laterano received much damage, including a statue of the Virgin Mary who was thrown into the street and destroyed. Several unexploded gasoline bombs were reportedly found in some streets by Italian police. More than 1,000,000 euro damage (equivalent to over 1.3 million dollars) has been recorded. At least 135 people were injured in the resulting clashes, including 105 policemen, some of whom were in critical condition, and two news crew from Sky Italia. Two protesters have their fingers amputated by detonating a smoke bomb. Nearly 20 people have been arrested in connection with the violence. After the October 15 rally, people occupied Santa Croce on Gerusalemme square and started camping like in other cities around the world. The name of this Rome group, associated with the international Occupy movement, is the Accampata of Rome.
Malaysia
The Occupy Plains movement first held their trial in Independence Square seven weeks before Occupy Wall Street on July 30, 2011 to create an alternative to present representative democracy using popular assembly models based on participatory democratic principles. As part of a global protest of 15 October 2011, over 200 people took part in the October 15 Occupy Plains, the largest trial to date. In late October, the movement spread to Penang with Occupy Penang and Kelantan with Occupy Kota Bharu.
Mexico
Occupy begins in Mexico City on October 11, 2011, with a hunger strike in front of the Mexican Stock Exchange. Edur Velasco, a 56-year-old university economist and professor, went on a 42-day hunger strike in a tent outside the Mexico City stock market, demanding the government guarantee greater access to higher education among youth. A few days after his initiative, it suddenly surprised to see many tents mounted outside the stock exchange. Police remain silent in a corner, sitting in their truck.
Occupying Mexico did not reach the level of popularity it gained in other areas. This is attributed to the fact that Mexican Occupy protesters, who focused on poverty and workers' rights, failed to resonate with the public being fascinated by the Mexican drug violence. In contrast, the anti-violence movement led by Javier Sicilia during the protests, attracted thousands of people into the streets of Mexico City. The Occupy movement is almost completely ignored by Mexico's mainstream politicians. Until the end of January 2012, most of the tents are empty and only a few protesters are left outside the Stock Exchange.
Mongolia
S. Ganbaatar, head of the Confederation of Mongolian Trade Unions (CTU), has announced that the association is joining the rest of the world occupying Wall Street protests and other highways on October 20, 2011. He claims that bankers charge interest rates higher than customers and corporates. In the most recent data in September 2011, the weighted average annual interest rate of MNT loans was 16% in Mongolia.
Nepal
Also known as Baluwatar Satyagraha, Occupy Baluwatar is a peaceful protest movement that calls upon the Nepali country to address the issue of wider immunity and gender based violence. Since December 28, 2012, protesters gathered outside the official residence of the prime minister in Baluwatar from 9am to 11am every day. The protesters created a set of coherent demands, divided into short and long-term goals, which they dedicate to Prime Minister Baburam Bhattarai. Short-term demands require states, including police and judiciary, to investigate properly and prosecute the guilty in five specific cases that occurred immediately before the beginning of the movement. Long-term demands focus on policy reform in the arena of migration and rape of the law, among others.
Dutch
In the Netherlands, protests took place in many cities, especially Amsterdam, The Hague, Rotterdam, and Utrecht
New Zealand
In October 2011, Occupy protests began in six New Zealand cities (Auckland, New Plymouth, Wellington, Christchurch, Dunedin and Invercargill) with a protest in Auckland that drew up to 3,000 supporters. The seventh protest began on 19 November on the outskirts of Lower Hutt, Pomare by a group called "Pomare Community Voice" to highlight what they called "the loss of community" caused by the demolition of country houses in the area. On January 23, police moved to four locations in Auckland. Two arrests were made and police said camping was against board laws about camping. The sites are in Aotea Square, 360 Queen St, Victoria Park, and Albert Park.
Nigeria
Occupy Nigeria is a protest removal of an anti-fuel subsidy that begins in Nigeria on January 2, 2012 in response to the abolition of fuel subsidies by the Nigerian Federal government on January 1, 2012. It is a movement against corruption in Government & public service, insensitive & amp; inhumane treatment of Nigerians by Government & amp; Security agents. The movement ended on January 16, 2012 after an agreement between the government and organized labor leaders who saw the restoration of part of the subsidy regime. Fuel pump prices in Nigeria have since been set at the official rate of 97 naira per liter while it's practically sold for 130 naira in several major cities including Port Harcourt, one of the cities in Nigeria's oil producing country.
Norwegian
The Occupy movement in Norway began on October 15 with protests in Oslo and Bergen as part of the Global Day of Action. In Oslo, the movement then meets every Saturday in the city center, usually at Eidsvolls plass in front of Parliament, but sometimes on other sites, such as Spikersuppa and Youngstorget. In Bergen, this movement meets on Saturday in VÃÆ'  ¥ gsallmenningen 4 (Holbergsstatuen).
Republic of Ireland
To date six cities and towns in Ireland have witnessed the experienced Occupy camps; Dublin, Cork, Limerick, Galway, Waterford, Letterkenny, and Athlone. Protests were held in Dublin, Cork, Limerick, and Galway. The Irish Times describes the movement in the following terms: "This group has no hierarchical structure, has prepared Facebook pages and Twitter accounts - with a very diverse and sometimes critical, social media link, reaction. " The protests in Dublin were organized by" Pots & amp; Pans - Ireland ", and the protest group #OccupyDameStreet, which then invited Real Democracy Now! Shell to Sea, Tir na Saor and many other non-political groups to participate and all set up camps outside the Central Bank of Ireland in solidarity with the Occupy Wall Street movement in New York. On October 22 it was reported that over 2,000 people took part in a demonstration organized by Occupy Dame Street. The camp survived the winter, but was transferred by the SÃÆ'ochÃÆ'¡na (Irish police) Guard on March 13, 2012, a few days before the annual St. Patrick's Day Parade. On the morning of May 16, 2012 at about 4:30 am, the Occupy camp at Eyre Square in Galway, the longest-held Occupy group in Ireland, was ousted by An Garda SÃÆ'ochÃÆ'¡na and the Galway City Council. The camp was moved because the group illegally occupied a public facility. By the time the camp was dismantled, there were only 6 protesters in the camp. The camp lasted for 215 days.
South Africa
In South Africa, a movement called Taking Back South Africa! sprang up as an initiative primarily aimed at protesting and inciting mass action against economic and social inequality in the country. It consists of loose informal affiliations of groups and individuals throughout South Africa as well as internet based groups. During 2016 Costs Must Fall Movement, the protest group also adopted the # Occupy4FreeEducation slogan in response to the perceived lack of government interest in addressing this issue.
South Korea
Hundreds of protesters staged a rally in the South Korean capital, Seoul, on 15 and 22 October 2011 under the slogan "Occupy Seoul". The protesters focused on issues such as recent free trade agreements with the United States as well as fees for tuition and rent.
"Occupy Seoul" began as part of a global protest on October 15, 2011. Protesters gathered in several places in Seoul, including Yeouido (Seoul financial center) where protesters united under the slogan "Occupy Yeouido: 99% of Financial Exploitation 1%. " The three main requirements requested by these protestors are: (1) clarifying bureaucratic responsibilities, (2) financial regulations, and (3) compensation for victims of the failed Korean government's financial policies. Other protesters, led by left-wing organizations such as People's Solidarity for Participatory Democracy, gathered in front of Seoul and Daehanmoon train stations. However, they failed to enter Seoul City Hall Plaza as they had planned, because their protest permit was rejected by the police because of the exhibition already underway at the Plaza.
Despite the great support of the community, there is also criticism about the nature of the protests. Unlike the original Occupy movement that began as an anti-capitalist protest, many of Seoul's Occupy slogans contain anti-government or anti-American messages. One observer believes that "South Korea overcame the 2008 financial crisis relatively well and there is no serious crisis in the financial sector." It's hard to find a legitimate basis of protests. "
Spanish
A series of protests demanded a radical change in Spanish politics, as protesters do not consider themselves represented by traditional parties or favored by actions approved by politicians. Spanish media has linked protests to the economic crisis, Stace Hessel's Time for Outrage! , the troubled NEET generation and current protests in the Middle East and North Africa, Greece, Portugal and Iceland protests and unrest in 2009. The 15-M Movement was inspired by the 2011 revolution in Tunisia, Egypt and the 1968 uprising France, South Korea in 1980 and 1987 and Greece in 2008.
Switzerland
On October 15, 2011, between 500 and 1,000 demonstrators demonstrated in front of UBS and Credit Suisse offices in Paradeplatz in Zurich. 100 protesters then set up an occupation at the adjacent Lindenhof, which was evicted by police on Nov. 15.
Taiwan
The Sunflower Student Movement is a protest movement encouraged by student and civilian coalitions beginning on March 18, 2014, at the Legislative Yuan and, later, as well as the Executive Yuan of the Republic of China (Taiwan). Activists protest the passage of the Strait Trade Agreement (CSSTA) by the ruling Kuomintang party in the legislature without a clauses review by clause. Protesters occupied the legislature for 24 days before emptying peacefully.
Turkish
The initial protest in Istanbul on 28 May 2013 was led by about 50 environmental activists opposed to Taksim Gezi Park with the reconstruction of the Ottoman Era, the Taksim Military Barracks (site of the Sultan's riots in 1909). The current protests evolved into riots after heavy police intervention which showed significant use of tear gas and water cannons. The oppressive reaction to protests caused the protests to widen with more people becoming involved, people from all walks of life including various political interest groups, secular and religious people, students, gays, feminists, football fans, women in head scarves, all families, all looking for excuses to join the protests.
What started as an environmental protest against plans to replace Taksim Gezi Park evolved into wider anti-government demonstrations. The charges were issued on 4 June
- the end of police brutality,
- end of sale of public facilities such as parks, forests and beaches to private investors,
- public expression rights,
- the responsibility of the media in informing the public of events, and other demands. Protests (up to 500,000 in? Stanbul and 30,000 people in Ankara) also spread to other cities in Turkey, and protests were seen in other countries with significant Turkish communities.
United Kingdom
English
As part of a global protest October 15, 2011, protesters gathered in London, Bristol, and Birmingham in the UK, along with Glasgow and Edinburgh in Scotland (See Scotland below). The London Stock Exchange at Paternoster Square was the initial target for the London Occupy protesters on October 15, 2011. The attempt to occupy the square was thwarted by the police. The police closed the entrance of the square because it was privately owned, and a High Court order was granted against public access to the square. 2,500-3,000 people gathered near St Paul's Cathedral, with 250 camped overnight. A canon Paul, Reverend Giles Fraser, said he was happy for people to "exercise their right to peaceful protest" outside the cathedral and an infinite camp was established. Additional smaller protests occurred in Birmingham and Nottingham. On October 17, an infinite camp has also been established at College Green in Bristol.
On October 29, a camp was also set up in Victoria Gardens, Brighton, and grew from six tents to about twenty in one week. Further camps take place in Liverpool Bath, Bournemouth University, Bradford, Leeds, Sheffield, Thanet, Newcastle in Tyne, Plymouth, Exeter, Norwich, Occupy Thanet Protest also focuses on local issues, including store closures in the city and Dreamland Margate, job opportunities and perceived disparities in the allocation of educational resources. Lancaster in England and Cardiff in Wales. On January 8, 2012, Lancaster Police arrested four members of Occupy Lancaster who occupy a former hotel in the city center.
On Nov. 11, police arrested 179 people believed to be supporters of the EDL on Armistice Day after a real threat to St Paul's camp posted on Facebook. 176 were released without charge and 3 of them were redeemed "pending further questions".
On 15 November, an Occupy camp was set up in the center of Leicester near the Highcross shopping center. On 25 November an Occupy camp was set up in Liverpool near the Walker Art Gallery. Beginning November 30, 2011 after a national strike, a group of students occupied the University of Sheffield Arts Tower in solidarity with, but not limited to, the Occupy movement.
On October 17, 2014, a new camp was established in Parliament Square, Westminster by a group called Occupy Democracy. The camp is part of a campaign for greater transparency in democracy and an end to lobbying. The camp lasted two days until the police left, giving the protesters 30 minutes to go or face the arrest. Any items that can be used for sleep have been deemed illegal under the Police Reform and Social Responsibility 2011, created after the original occupation. The eviction was broadcast live, which showed police dragging demonstrators away. Police said there was one arrest. Fifty to a hundred protesters remain in the park overnight. On their website, the group said that their goal was "to redirect energy from the struggle of an existing issue into a critical mass that can radically challenge a corrupt and unrepresentative system."
Northern Ireland
In Northern Ireland, Occupy Belfast begins its protests outside the Invest NI office on October 21, 2011. Occupy Belfast takes up residence in Writer's Square, in the Cathedral Quarter. He also took over the unused building owned by the Bank of Ireland, renamed the People's Bank, with plans to open homeless libraries and accommodation to become a community center. It is expected that Occupy Derry will happen in the near future.
Occupy Coleraine took over the University of Ulster Common Room for three weeks in December 2013. The group protested the unloading of the common room
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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